Control statements. Operator if, else, additional elif blocks.
Loop operators. The concept of a cycle and the conditions for exiting it. nested loops. while loop. for loop. Loop exit statements break and continue.
Functions for generating a collection of numbers range, xrange.
Strings
Working with strings. Character encoding.
Basic string methods.
String formatting.
String comparison.
Getting slices of strings.
Regular expressions.
Data Structures in Python
To work with data sets, Python provides built-in types such as lists, tuples, and dictionaries.
List (list). Iteration of elements. List comparison. Methods and functions for working with lists. Lists of lists.
Tuple. Iterating over tuples. Complex tuples.
Dictionaries. Dictionary search. Getting and changing elements. Convert from list to dictionary. Complex dictionaries.
NumPy is a Python language library that adds support for large multidimensional arrays and matrices, along with a large library of high-level (and very fast) math functions to operate on these arrays.
Exceptions
Exception Handling. try..except construct. An optional finally block. Get information about the exception. as operator.
Exception generation. raise statement.
Exception Hierarchy in Python.
Functions in Python
Creating a function. Function call. Function arguments.
Recursion.
Functions as objects and closures.
Function attributes.
Lambda functions.
Modules in Python
Modules as an implementation of the ability to reuse code in other programs. import statement.
Namespace setting.
Packages in Python
Comments in a module.
Files
Opening and closing files.
Text files. Writing to a text file. Reading a file.
Working with one of the common CSV file formats. Working with dictionaries.
binary files. Shelve module.
OS module and working with the file system
Fundamentals of object-oriented programming in Python
The concept of abstraction. Principles of object-oriented programming: encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism.
A class is a formal description of an object. object class.
Encapsulation. Attributes and methods of classes.
Inheritance. The key concepts of inheritance are subclass and superclass. Hierarchy of classes.
Reference to the current object self. Referencing the base superclass super.
Polymorphism as the ability to change the functionality inherited from the base class.
Graphical user interface in Python
An overview of cross-platform frameworks for GUI programming in Python.
Creating a GUI with the built-in Tkinter module.
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